Abortion From An Ethical Point Of View Essays - Abortion

Premature birth From An Ethical Point Of View Essays - Abortion Premature birth From An Ethical Point Of View Portray and assess any two differentiating hypothetical ways to deal with the ethical discussion of premature birth. * It is broadly acknowledged that the reality of fetus removal has been a topic of discussion and debate for a long time. Since the extent of individuals who acknowledge premature birth as an ordinary system is equivalent to the extent of the individuals who consider fetus removal a wrongdoing, through time a ton of estimations have been taken against premature birth yet concerning its barrier also. In spite of the fact that the reality of premature birth has been inspected through its logical and strict side, in this task we will attempt to look at fetus removal from a moral perspective. The most ideal route for somebody to allude to premature birth on a moral premise would likely be through the depiction and assessment of the subject dependent on two of the most known hypothetical methodologies: those of Kants and of Utilitarianism (Act and Rule). Starting with the methodology of Utilitarianism, we should state that Utilitarianism, is concerned fundamentally with joy and with torment. In this way somebody ought to be worried about the measures of joy and torment in circumstances where premature birth is allowed as stood out from the measures of delight and agony where fetus removal is taboo. It may be recommended that the primary thought would be the interests of the baby: not exclusively can its future life be expectedly upbeat (or if nothing else having an equalization of bliss over misery) it may likewise be simply the situation that the premature birth is agonizing, especially in the event that it happens later in the pregnancy. Anyway this attention on the hatchling is baseless since any enduring associated with the premature birth itself can be dodged by just prematurely ending the pregnancy sooner (before the embryo has even built up the ability of affliction), or with effortless methods. The immediate enduring of the embryo can thusly be no contention against premature birth by and large, just the awful act of it. An increasingly huge thought exists on the off chance that we theorize that the future existence of the hatchling includes a likely equalization of satisfaction over languishing over the baby. This would appear to be an unmistakable point against fetus removal, however not, a predominant one. The second party that we ought to consider are the guardians and other family, and gatekeepers if the option in contrast to fetus removal is selection. As per a few examinations, having a child seems to diminish the satisfaction in a relationship - even in those situations where the pregnancy is wanted. Be that as it may, once more, this need not be viewed as something over the top, it's anything but a prevailing thought. Similar to the case with numerous issues in an utilitarian framework, the rightness or misleading quality of the demonstration being referred to turns basically not on the impacts of the follow up on the specialist, nor on the creatures legitimately influenced by the demonstration, yet on the less immediate consequences for the network on the loose. That implies that the issue of premature birth really gets one of the allure of expanding or diminishing the populace. Given that there must be some populace size that can be viewed as the ideal size, on the off chance that we are permitted to put it along these lines for a general public, obviously Utility will boycott new births over this sum while underneath this populace size Utility will recommend multiplication. So the utilitarian, who proposes that the future bliss of the kid, joined with the evaluated estimation of the consequences for other people, is to such an extent that Utility restricts fetus removal, must concede this would infer that Utility endorses an expansion in populace and this would apply to anybody equipped for creating a kid. So Utility is for the most part against premature birth just when it is by and large for raising the populace. Regarding utility, the genuine demonstration of fetus removal is certainly not an especially noteworthy one. A concise notice must be made of why it is that the relative consequences for the network everywhere are predominant in this issue, and why different contemplations are most certainly not. It must be recollected that the bringing of a youngster up in a cutting edge created nation has an enormous expense in money related terms, which is exceptionally huge. It is notable that the sum required to bring one kid up in a created nation could most likely raise a lot more in a less fortunate

Brief essay on why you would like to have a career as a surgical

Brief on why you might want to have a profession as a careful technologist - Essay Example This paper targets disclosing the reasons with respect to why I might want to have a vocation as a careful technologist. For an individual to be fruitful as a careful technologist there are various aptitudes and capacities that they should have. For example, I am mindful of the way that a decent careful technologist needs to have manual ability that can empower them to deal with instruments rapidly. Having prepared as a drug store specialist at St. Johns University I am persuaded that during the procedure I absolutely picked up the significant aptitudes that can empower me to meet the abilities that have been referenced in this. Such aptitudes will empower me to make a decent careful technologist. Something else is that a careful technologist ought to be able to react rapidly and know about the medical procedure techniques so they can have the option to realize which instrument to get ready without trusting that the specialists or attendants will mention to them what they ought to get ready (Fuller, and Armistead 111). This is something that can just accompany understanding. The experience can permit somebody to totally acclimate with the procedure because of being engaged with the procedure over and again. On my side, I can say that I have accumulated the important experience that will empower me to viably fill in as a careful technologist. I functioned as an office director at the cardiology center for a time of 7 years. I am certain that during this period I learnt apportion about surgeries that may help me in being a decent careful technologist. Being acquainted with careful procedures am certain that it would not take me some time before I am ready to be viable as a caref ul technologist. This gives me a favorable position over the individuals who have not had any understanding. I am likewise persuaded that I have the physical capacity to be a careful technologist. One thing that is expected of a careful technologist is physical quality as a result of the exercises that

In Support Of Human Cloning Essays - Cloning, Human Cloning, Dolly

In Support Of Human Cloning Essays - Cloning, Human Cloning, Dolly In Support Of Human Cloning Human cloning is unavoidable. As a feature of the advancement of science, human cloning will occur paying little mind to who restricts it. In this paper I will clarify what human cloning is, a portion of the moral and good issues with it, some health advantages it could serve, what a wide range of religions consider cloning people, and eventually why I feel this would be useful to our general public. So as to comprehend the complaints and the capability of human cloning, one must know precisely it is and how it is finished. So as to clone a living being (creature or human), researchers start with an egg (ovum) of a grown-up female. Ladies for the most part produce just a single every month except can be synthetically invigorated to create more. Analysts expel the DNA-containing core from the egg. Cells from the subject to be cloned are acquired by different techniques including a scratching within the cheek, and the DNA-containing core is expelled from one of these. Next the grown-up cell core is embedded into the egg with a refined atomic exchange, and the egg is invigorated (electrically or artificially) to fool it into isolating simply like an incipient organism. At the point when the undeveloped organism arrives at the proper stage, you embed it into the uterus of the lady who will bring forth it. After development, the clone is conceived in the typical way (Eibert, standard. 2-5). The kid that is conceived because of cloning would be about hereditarily indistinguishable (the egg holds some mitochondrial DNA that may possibly modify the new DNA marginally) to the subject cloned. The clone should seem to be like the grown-up it was cloned from, however that is the place the similitudes would end. The clone would have a totally unique arrangement of life encounters. It would be raised by various guardians, experience childhood in an alternate time and diverse area, and have various conditions transpire en route. It wouldnt be a similar individual it was cloned from; it would be its own exceptional person who coincidentally had a similar DNA. The qualities of an individual (physical just as social) are enacted by irregular decisions on the DNA. An individual has twenty-three chromosomes from their mom and twenty-three from the dad. Regardless of whether an individual has blue eyes is an irregular pick from the two arrangements of chromosomes. Indistinguishable twi ns are likewise very not quite the same as one another: their fingerprints are extraordinary, some of the time one twin will be fat and one not, and once in a while one is gay and one isn't. It is these arbitrary enactments that we cannot control, and these irregular initiations might be diverse in a clone than they were in the first person.(Eibert, standard. 40). So what is society so terrified of? For what reason is the subject of human cloning practically untouchable? I think most of the populace imagines cloning as a type of mass-advertise where one can arrange a child or make a large number of indistinguishable individuals. This was a similar kind of dread that in-vitro treatment (IVF, unnaturally conceived children) made when it was begun during the 1970s, and, in principle, this couldnt be all the more off-base. One of the principle issues that the vast majority have with cloning of people is they accept that trying to make someone else there will be numerous fruitless endeavors. There is a dread that in shaping undeveloped organisms there will be numerous that are disfigured, obliterated, or in any case probed for logical increase. Marc Zabludoff writes in Fear and aching that to get one effective birth, numerous infants would need to pass on in bombed strategies a totally unsuitable practice (6) It has been generally plugged that in making Dolly, the cloned sheep, it took 277 attempts. This isnt very obvious. What it took to clone Dolly was 277 eggs with a combined core. Just 27 of them partitioned past the 2-cell stage. Just 13 of these shaped undeveloped organisms and were embedded into a sheep uterus; of these 13, just 1, Dolly, was conceived. It wasnt that any of the sheep incipient organisms were disfigured or controlled, the grown-up sheep basically neglected to consider, much like an ineffective test-tube origination (Eibert, standard. 12). So this dread of twisted or

Paragraph Essay Topics for Middle School Secrets That No One Else Knows About

Paragraph Essay Topics for Middle School Secrets That No One Else Knows About Rumors, Deception and 5 Paragraph Essay Topics for Middle School The introduction is an indispensable section of an essay paper, which has quite a typical structure. The function of the introduction is to set the problem which will be discussed correctly in your essay. Check every important section that you have to set into your essay more closely. It isn't very easy to compose a how-to essay. You're able to read through samples and earn a list of potential topics to write about. Moreover, it's important to provide three or more credible sources in your essay paper. When it has to do with in-text citations and bibliography, they're used in any academic essay to defend the main ideas. Citations and extracts from several sources have to be formatted properly. When you start to compose your essay for a standardized test, you have to first decide which type of essay you are being requested to write. Every sort of essay has its very own structural features, which must be cautiously studied and known. An argumentative essay is a certain kind of academic writing. If you don't accomplish this, you might wind up writing an essay on an unacceptable topic. The Argument About 5 Paragraph Essay Topics for Middle School The ability to give information in various contexts is critical to effective communication. The target audience for those resources of the website is grade five through early higher school. In addition, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask her or him to make corrections. Sample papers are excellent for helping students develop ideas. They lead busy lives and often forget about an upcoming deadline. Every student necessitates help with homework from time to time. Facts, Fiction and 5 Paragraph Essay Topics for Middle School It is frequently a fantastic idea to select a topic that tends to elicit an emotional reaction. As an example, let's say you select the very first topic from our list. Select the best ideas associated with the research issue. Locate all potential suggestions on your research question. Sample papers provide great tips on how to develop a topic from scratch. Don't neglect to take notes each time you cite the sources. The best method to make writing an expository paper simple for you is to produce a topic it is possible to deal with. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper can help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good notion to start out with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. Go through the lesson and the. In the center circle, write the principal topic. Narrow your choices to some topics, and then brainstorm for a couple of minutes about each topic. What 5 Paragraph Essay Topics for Middle School Is - and What it Is Not 5 paragraph essay topics aren't restricted to anything, as anything can be dealt with in this form of essay. The essay gives information, research outcome, arguments, and evidence. If you know what things to expect and know how to compose a five paragraph essay, you are going to be ready to tackle any essay writing prompt. The five paragraph essay is going to have an introduction that has the principal point of the paper. No matter whether you would like to understand how to compose a three paragraph essay of 5 paragraph paper, an introduction stays the same. Introduction Remains a valuable part of every essay and reveals its primary topic and thesis statement. The introduction has become the most important paragraph because it supplies direction for the whole essay. The introductory paragraph comprises a paraphrase of something said by a renowned person as a way to find the reader's interest. In addition, it's vital to supply proper links between paragraphs. To do this, it's essential to compose a few sentences. Your final sentence should uphold your primary idea in a very clear and compelling method.

Lexicalization Definition and Examples

...Lexicalization is the process of making a word to express a concept. Verb: lexicalize. Here are some examples and observations from experts and other writers: Examples and Observations The OED (1989) defines lexicalize (1) as to accept into the lexicon, or vocabulary, of a language, and lexicalization as the action or process of lexicalizing. In this sense simple and complex words, native as well as loanwords can be lexicalized. Thus, Lyons (1968:352) says that the relationship of the transitive (and causative) concept of to cause someone to die is expressed by a separate word, to kill (someone). Quirk et al. (1985:1525f.) restrict lexicalization to words formed by word-formation processes, explaining it as the process of creating a new word (a complex lexical item) for a (new) thing or notion instead of describing this thing or notion in a sentence or with a paraphrase. The use of words is more economical because they are shorter than the corresponding (underlying) sentences or paraphrases, and because they can be more easily used as elements of sentences. Thus one does not say someone who writes a book [...] for someone else, who then often pretends it is their o wn work, one says ghostwriter instead . . ..(Hans Sauer, Lexicalization and Demotivation. Morphology: An International Handbook on Inflection and Word-Formation, ed. by Christian Lehmann, G. E. Booij, Joachim Mugdan, and Wolfgang Kesselheim. Walter de Gruyter, 2004) Lexicalization and Idioms Despite a certain lack of consensus about the meaning of idiom, the identification of lexicalization with idiomatization is widespread . . .. Indeed, according to Lehmann (2002:14) idiomatization IS lexicalization in the sense of coming to belong to an inventory, and Moreno Cabrera (1998:214) points to idioms as the best examples of lexicalization. Lipka (1992:97) cites examples such as wheelchair, pushchair, and trousersuit, which have specific and unpredictable meanings. Bussmann [1996] considers idiomatization to be the diachronic element of lexicalization, which occurs when the original meaning can no longer be deduced from its individual elements or the original motivation of [a] unit can only be reconstructed through historical knowledge, as in the case of neighbor, cupboard, or mincemeat...Bauer identifies a subtype of lexicalization which he calls semantic lexicalization (1983:55-59), instancing compounds such as blackmail, mincemeat, townhouse, and butterfly or derivatives s uch as unquiet, gospel, and inspector which lack semantic compositionality (because semantic information has been either added or subtracted). Antilla (1989 [1972]:151) adduces examples such as sweetmeat, nutmeat, Holy Ghost spirit, widows weeds clothes, and fishwife, which are morphologically transparent but semantically opaque as instances of lexicalization. (Laurel J. Brinton and Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Lexicalization And Language Change. Cambridge University Press, 2005)It is important to note, however, that idiomatization is only one aspect of lexicalization, which is why the two terms should not be used interchangeably (as is sometimes the case). Rather lexicalization has to be regarded as the cover term for a range of phenomena, semantic and non-semantic. Bauer (1983: 49) also emphasizes that opacity is not a necessary pre-requisite for lexicalization since [s]ome lexicalized forms [...] may remain perfectly transparent, e.g. warmth--which must be considered lexicalized bec ause the suffix -th cannot be added synchronically to an adjective to provide a noun.(Peter Hohenhaus, Lexicalization and Institutionalization. Handbook of Word-Formation, ed. by Pavol Ã…  tekauer and Rochelle Lieber. Springer, 2005) Pronunciation: lek-si-ke-le-ZAY-shun Alternate Spellings: lexicalisation

Social Inequality In The God Of Small Things - 1746 Words

Arundhati Roy’s novel, The God of Small Things, underlies the social caste system of the 1960s characterized by social, cultural, and economic injustices toward lower classes. India’s caste system reflects the social hierarchy, which promulgates unfair systems of power and oppression. As portrayed in the novel, the social caste system creates unfair divisions amongst people and essentially determines the amount of respect they will receive since their time of birth. The God of Small Things illustrates how despite the fact that the social caste system is heavily imposed in India, it is through resistance and social opposition that can stretch far enough to override these barriers. To begin, it is important to understand the difference†¦show more content†¦They had to put their hands over their mouths when they spoke, to divert their polluted breath away from those whom they addressed† (Roy 71). Although Roy never clearly states the exact time period, it i s likely â€Å"Mammachi’s time† is around the 1930s, which was only a few years before the Untouchables Act was established. This excerpt illustrates the oppression Untouchables faced; they were belittled and ignored because of the inevitable social caste system they are born into. It is this rigid social system that allowed for the subordination of those who didn’t fit in at the top of the social caste spectrum. Even more, this shows how social categorizations and hierarchies produce negative outcomes such as contributing to the dehumanization and oppression of individuals. While it may seems odd that the social caste system wouldn’t be eradicated after so many years, there have been many impediments to being able to overcome such system. In fact, Charles Bressler states in Literary Criticism, â€Å"All people in a given culture are consciously and unconsciously asked to conform to the prescribed hegemony† (Bressler 198). As Bressler posits. the social caste system that has been imposed for decades, is not without easily eradicated; it’s not that people don’t want to see change, but it is because it has been integrated and imprinted into people’s lives for decadesShow MoreRelatedImportance Of The Views Of Karl Marx And Abraham Kuyper1709 Words   |  7 Pagessaying two brains is greater than one comes to play. While looking at different views people can come up with different ideas on how to solve a problem. The main purpose is to look at Marx’s and Kuyper’s ideas of human nature, main causes of social i nequality and economic hardship, the solution, assumptions that come with the solutions, and if their ideas hold up in the twenty-first century. Marx has the idea that human nature is based on communism. Through history we see the oppressors and the oppressedRead MoreSociology-Social Class1065 Words   |  5 Pagesa bad thing made by man, and by God that’s something we can change.† John Steinbeck. This excerpt from Steinbeck’s Grapes of Wrath is talking about the ‘bad things’ that we deal with in our society. Two bad things that are extremely pressing in society today are the growing gap in the social class system and gender inequality. Both social class problems and gender inequality affect the way members of our society live their daily lives but are commonly overlooked or underestimated. Social ClassRead MoreThe Decline Of The Paleolithic Age1233 Words   |  5 Pagesagriculture are wells and irrigation systems. D. The characteristics of a civilization are debated among historians. However, many agree that a civilization is a society with enough resources and state of economy to form divisions of labor and a social caste system. Others say that it also needs to have a political organization as opposed to family tribes. Civilizations first arose in the Middle East, Northwest India, Egypt, and Northern China. E. 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In the poems â€Å"We Wear the Mask† and â€Å"I, too, Sing America,† they come to unfold the characteristics of the African American Literature such as naturalism, social inequality, racism, and religion. In a like manner, the authors of both poems reveal the accrued decapitation of the sufferings of the people who in this era were known as the black man through the exposition of naturalism. It is of great impact how theRead MoreKarl Marx Alienation1069 Words   |  5 Pagesdivision of labour based on inequality. He argues the Bourgeoisie exploit the proletariat of their cheap labour. The Bourgeoisie own the means of production and raw materials and employ the working-class to produce goods for them to sell. The profit the ruling-class gain they invest back in their business, while giving a small wage to the working individuals. 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Research on Customer Switching Behavior †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Research on Customer Switching Behavior. Answer: Introduction: The training has been conducted in two halves. The first training has been offered to the new internal research executive. The training offers the scope of the research that has to be done by the internal research executive and the pitfalls that the research will have. The part of research of the internal executive will include the research related to the internal matters of the organization. The research will have the chance to know about the system of communication between the employees and the management. The research will have the scope of improving the communication system that exists in an organization and this would improve the organizational goal. The research would enable the executive to know the internal conditions of the organization and to know the issues that are being by the employees (Babin and Zikmund 2015). The limitations of the research of the internal executive would include the lengthy process that will be included in the process of knowing the internal factors of the organization. The executive is supposed to interrogate the employees personally and he is required to examine the issues faced by the employees. This is a lengthy problem and it takes time to go through the internal system of the organizations. The other thing that the research cannot offer is the actual cause of the problems. Many employees would not reveal the problem to the executive as they would have the fear of losing their job if they speak about the problems (Silverman 2016). The other training part of the training is organized for the new recruited marketing executive. The research of the marketing executive would include the scope of knowing the condition of the market. It would enable the person to know the status of the acceptability of the product in the market and the situation of the market and the scope of improvement. The research can offer about the competitors of the company and chances of new entry in the market (Wangrow, Schepker and Barker 2015). The research cannot offer few things. The research of the marketing executive cannot offer the internal condition of the organization. The research will not be able to offer about the ethics of the company that is sometimes required in case of marketing. The external supplier of research offers the innovation of both, the internal factors as well as the external factors. The innovation also includes the innovation in the field of technology as well as in the field of non-technology. The external supplier of research helps the company to know the areas they are lacking in and the areas they need to improve. It includes the development of relation between the partners of the company. It enables to build a good relation between the external research suppliers and the organization to whom they are lending their support. They serve as a good training procedure for the internal and the external researchers of the company. It takes the company towards achieving their goals and their targets. It increases the consistency of the research method. It enables to share the internal information of the company (Nardi 2018). The reason for using the external suppliers of the company is that the suppliers can be objective and they could be the subjec t to the politics of the company. The external suppliers are able to provide special talents that the internal suppliers do not possess. This improves the internal environment of the organization that is the condition of the employees and the relationship between the employees and the management. The executives should be aware of the factors they would proceed to do their research on. The training on the process of doing research is required for the individuals so that they can conduct the research in a planned way and they can get the authentic information from their research. The external supplier can enable the internal researcher to inform the employees of the developments that influence their organization. This would lead towards the attainment of the individual as well as the goals of the organization. This would encourage the employee participation inside the organization. The organization will be able to attain a smooth leadership that will enable the organization to functio n smoothly. The external supplier of research can offer the organization with the clear idea of the policies in the organization, demonstrate the commitment of the organization, identify the area of improvement of the organization, and motivate the workforce of the organization (Sirakaya et al. 2017). The company that has been chosen for this particular assignment is Hotel Royal Cottage. The biggest challenge they are facing is a set-back in the technological advancement. The world has made a progress in the field of technology. Yet the hotel has not made any progress in this particular field. The hotel has not made the service flexible and they do not accept online bookings. Apart from this there food and service has deteriorated. They have failed to render premium services in the recent years (Chuang and Tai 2016). The problem that has been discussed above requires to be highlighted. The reason for highlighting the problem is to succeed in the competitive world. The entire world is making a progress towards technology. All the essential things are done online in the current world, starting from ordering food to shopping and even paying bills are done online. It is feasible for the customers to book their hotels online by making online transaction. It makes work faster and easier. This is the reason the problem should be taken into consideration and it should worked upon. The other reason for highlighting the problem is if the problem is not taken care of it might lose the potential customers and the customers might shift to some other hotels. The other problem was the problem of poor quality service and food. The poor food and service offered by the hotel might make the hotel lose the potential customers. The customers might shift their interests from golden cottage to some other hotel. This is the reason this can be referred to as an issue and efforts should be made to rectify the issue (Sarstedt and Mooi 2014). The explanatory research method is the method that usually is conducted for the problems that are not studied more clearly. It involves the data collection method and the research design is based on the secondary method. It applies techniques like, reviewing the secondary literature or the data that is available. It includes the qualitative approach like the collections of feedback from the customers, holding communication with the employees and the management and also the competitors. It involves the formal qualitative research through the in-depth interviews, through the interviews of the focus groups, through the case studies or the pilot studies (Retolaza and San-Jose 2017). The descriptive research method is the combination of the explanatory and the exploratory research method. It identifies the problems during the research and highlights them (Bryman and Bell 2015). On the other hand it explains the reason of choosing the proposed form of research. The descriptive from of research aims at realizing the issues and at the same time providing effective solution of the issue. The descriptive method is a useful research method as it provides the effective solution of the problems that have been recognized during the research (Sarstedt and Mooi 2014). The Explanatory or causal forms of research is the investigation of cause and effect relationships. The variables are required to observe in this case. It is important to observe the variation in the variable assumed in order to cause the change in the other variables and then measure the change in the other variables. The cause and effect relationship is important in this type of research program. The cause of the problem is analysed in this type of research and the effect of the same is realized. There are ways to explore the cause and effect relationship between the variables. They are experimentation and statistical research. The experimentation includes the practical reasoning of the problems and the statistical research includes providing statistical records of the problems (Toshkov 2017). The above company must adopt the descriptive research method (Forza, 2016). This would include the recognition of the problem and the solution of the problem. The recognition of the problem is necessary in order to solve the problem. There was a problem that the company could not provide proper service and the quality of the food got worst. It is important to identify the problem in order to solve that. The food and the service is a problem in such case. Apart from this the hotel had poor engagement in the digital media despite the rapid growth of the technology in each nation. The solution would be to take effective steps to offer services through digital media. This is the solution that the company should look forward to. References Babin, B.J. and Zikmund, W.G., 2015.Exploring marketing research. Cengage Learning. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Chuang, Y.F. and Tai, Y.F., 2016. Research on customer switching behavior in the service industry.Management Research Review,39(8), pp.925-939. Forza, C., 2016. Surveys. InResearch Methods for Operations Management(pp. 95-180). Routledge. Nardi, P.M., 2018.Doing survey research: A guide to quantitative methods. Routledge. Retolaza, J.L. and San-Jose, L., 2017. Single case research methodology: a tool for moral imagination in business ethics.Management Research Review,40(8), pp.890-906. Sarstedt, M. and Mooi, E., 2014. A concise guide to market research.The Process, Data, and. Sarstedt, M. and Mooi, E., 2014. The Market Research Process. InA Concise Guide to Market Research(pp. 11-23). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Sirakaya-Turk, E., Uysal, M., Hammitt, W.E. and Vaske, J.J. eds., 2017.Research Methods for Leisure, Recreation and Tourism. CABI. Toshkov, D., 2017. Research Design.Theory and Methods in Political Science, p.219. Wangrow, D.B., Schepker, D.J. and Barker III, V.L., 2015. Managerial discretion: An empirical review and focus on future research directions.Journal of Management,41(1), pp.99-135.

Babylon Fall In Bible And History Essays - Christian Eschatology

Babylon Fall In Bible And History Comparing the fall of the Historical Babylon and the Babylon of Revelation To understand the symbolism between the two Babylon's of the bible, one must first understand the fall of each and how the two compare. There is a lot to be said about the events that took place during fall of the Historical Babylon how these events are related to the fall of the Babylon of Revelation. To begin with I will describe the fall of the Historical Babylon and then relate this to two mainstreams of thought regarding the fall of the Babylon of Revelation. These two ideas are the futuristic and the historical views of Babylon's fall. The reason for these two separate views is because there is certainly no book in the Bible that has given more difficulty to interpreters than the book of Revelation. Many things about it continue to puzzle the serious Bible student, and many points remain obscure.(ref.# 4, p.220) Ancient Babylon Babylon was an enormous city and thought by its inhabitants to be impregnable. Some estimates put the area of the city at as much as 200 square miles, with many fields and orchards within the city walls (ref.# 2, p320). The river Euphrates flowed through the city, entering in under the city walls. The walls of Babylon are believed to have been around 80 feet thick, with some area being over 120 feet thick (ref.# 7, p.68). 100 gates of bronze gave entry to the city. In 604 B.C. Nebuchadnezzar led an invasion of Jerusalem, taking many Jews captive and beginning the captivity and seven times punishment that had previously been prophesied. At this time Babylon was the greatest empire on earth, but a new force was emerging. The Medes and Persians were becoming a mighty empire. In the time of Belshazzar, grandson of Nebuchadnezzar, war was raging between the two empires. The Babylonians, which were not caring about the enemy who were even then at the gates of the city, engaged in a huge, drunken party. During this feast the golden vessels, taken from the temple at Jerusalem and reserved for pure service to God, were abused at the command of the king. The judgment of God was revealed by the "writing on the wall". That night the city was invaded, and the Medes and Persians under Darius and Cyrus were victorious (ref.#1 p.431) During the night of the drunken feast, the river and its tributaries that ran under the city walls were blocked and the water diverted into canals and ponds dug by the Medes and Persians for that purpose. The result was that the army of the Medes and Persians could literally walk in under the wall. The army entered Babylon at one end and rapidly moved through the city, meeting little resistance from the defenders, who were caught completely off-guard. The city of Babylon was utterly destroyed (ref.#7). Babylon had a warning of their judgment for over 100 years, a warning given by God Himself. The warning was scorned and ignored by a Godless people. This foolish rejection of the Word of God led to total destruction. The promise of the return of Christ, signaling the end of the world, as we know it, has been scorned by mankind, just as the prophecy of the fall of the Babylonian Empire. This is why the book of Revelation relates the fall of Babylon with the modern day world. Men and women today would rather indulge in a drunken party than seek the Lord. The need to have a spirit-filled-soul, and to remain "in the Spirit" - grows more urgent every day. Jesus said, "Watch, for you know not when your Lord may come!" Babylon of Revelation This Babylon is of course a symbolic figure representing the evil on earth that distracts God's children from their commitment to Him. Babylon is called the "great harlot" in Revelation. This indicates a Babylon that allures, tempts, seduces, and draws people away from God. The literal Babylon of Biblical times reminded one of the pleasure-mad, arrogant, anti-God cultures that put pleasure ahead of all else. Babylon of old was described as of the "lust of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life," (1 John 2:16). In Revelation 18 John writes, "And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, "Come out of her, my people, that you may not participate in her sins and that you may not receive of her plagues." Here John is talking about Babylon (see

Free Essays on Raymond Carver VS. Denis Johnson

The world seems to be divided by two realms of reality and experience. There is reality and fantasy, dreaming in our sleep, experiences that we can’t comprehend and handle, everyday we switch back and forth through these worlds. Raymond Carver and Denis Johnson dig into these experiences. Carver writes about humans with a set mind capacity and what happens when they are encountered with an experience that is larger than that capacity. Johnson writes about the transition of reality and something that is greater than are conception of reality, a super reality if you will. They both look at these contrasts of experiences and also look at relationships with women and how they change people in the stories. With Carver the characters are average people that the reader can identify with easily. Some of the characters can be stupid, ignorant, or troubled with their lives. But the reader can always identify with them some how. In the story â€Å"Nobody Said Anything† the main character, a boy who is skipping school, is encountered with many situations that he can’t seem to grasp or handle. In the beginning of the story his parents are arguing and it really troubles him. This excerpt from the story backs this up: I could hear them out in the kitchen. I couldn’t hear what they were saying, but they were arguing. Then it got quiet and she started to cry. I elbowed George. I thought he would wake up and say something to them so they would feel guilty and stop. But George is such an *censored*. He started kicking and hollering. â€Å"Stop gouging me, you bastard,† he said, â€Å"I’m going to tell!† â€Å"You dumb chicken*censored*,† I said, â€Å"Can’t you wise up for one? They’re fighting and Mom’s crying. Listen† He listened with his head off the pillow. â€Å"I don’t care,† he said and turned over toward the wall and went back to sleep. George is a royal *censored*. Now the boy hears his parents arguing and he... Free Essays on Raymond Carver VS. Denis Johnson Free Essays on Raymond Carver VS. Denis Johnson The world seems to be divided by two realms of reality and experience. There is reality and fantasy, dreaming in our sleep, experiences that we can’t comprehend and handle, everyday we switch back and forth through these worlds. Raymond Carver and Denis Johnson dig into these experiences. Carver writes about humans with a set mind capacity and what happens when they are encountered with an experience that is larger than that capacity. Johnson writes about the transition of reality and something that is greater than are conception of reality, a super reality if you will. They both look at these contrasts of experiences and also look at relationships with women and how they change people in the stories. With Carver the characters are average people that the reader can identify with easily. Some of the characters can be stupid, ignorant, or troubled with their lives. But the reader can always identify with them some how. In the story â€Å"Nobody Said Anything† the main character, a boy who is skipping school, is encountered with many situations that he can’t seem to grasp or handle. In the beginning of the story his parents are arguing and it really troubles him. This excerpt from the story backs this up: I could hear them out in the kitchen. I couldn’t hear what they were saying, but they were arguing. Then it got quiet and she started to cry. I elbowed George. I thought he would wake up and say something to them so they would feel guilty and stop. But George is such an *censored*. He started kicking and hollering. â€Å"Stop gouging me, you bastard,† he said, â€Å"I’m going to tell!† â€Å"You dumb chicken*censored*,† I said, â€Å"Can’t you wise up for one? They’re fighting and Mom’s crying. Listen† He listened with his head off the pillow. â€Å"I don’t care,† he said and turned over toward the wall and went back to sleep. George is a royal *censored*. Now the boy hears his parents arguing and he...

Discuss the contributions of iron technology to the process of state Essay - 1

Discuss the contributions of iron technology to the process of state formation in Bantu Africa - Essay Example The Bantu community had the notion of a ‘big man’ who was enchanted with grasping of new opportunities. Such an idea led to the development of political establishments as chiefdoms regrouped. It is believed that three main kingdoms that inhabited the western savannas came into being through this method. They include the Kongo, Luango, and the Tio. Importantly, copper trade in the contributed to the development of major commercial market routes and major markets that expanded the territories of the existing political establishments. For instance, the Malebo Pool along River Zaire began through such a process. Furthermore, copper rich areas were regarded as ‘capitals’ headed by a ‘paramount chief’. The paramount chief was surrounded by a close circuit of a court of title holders who performed rituals and emblems within certain principalities. Archeologically, along the Zaire valley iron and copper deposits had been discovered. In areas such as Bok o Songho-Mindouli area, political establishments were related to the large deposits of iron and copper (Alimen). The emergence of these kingdoms in the 14th to 17th the century occurred more or less simultaneously as a result of iron technology. To begin with, the Mbundu Kingdom was established in the 16th century, and it controlled most economic resources and commercial routes in the south of the Kongo. As a sign of the political power they wielded, the Mbundu Kingdom used a piece of iron as an emblem and mark of their authority. This piece of metal was known as ‘ngola’. It is known that towards the end of the 15th century a holder of that emblem established a major kingdom. In subsequent centuries, the emblem played a significant role in the slave trade (Alimen). Towards the end of the 18th century, the Mbundu had organized a large commercial network of together with Portuguese immigrants whose trading caravans reached as far as the Lozi and Lunda Kingdoms. The kingdoms developed a royalty form of a

Love in Indian culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Love in Indian culture - Research Paper Example The same is especially applied to humans, where love enjoys central place in their life and activities in general. There are multiple types of love observed by the humans, which include spiritual love, natural affection, physical attraction and carnal desires and others. Spiritual love is generally viewed to be one’s sheer feelings of reverence for the deity, faith, scriptures and the holy personalities in which one has established profound and unflinching belief. The individuals maintain love for their faith, and even sacrifice their lives for the cause of faith. Moreover, the parents’ deep feelings for their children could also be stated to be the example of the purest and selfless love. While elucidating the love between the young members of society, it becomes evident that the adolescents start developing the love emotions along with their physical and mental growth (Lv & Zhang, 2012:357). The love generally appears while the development of unseen attraction towards the members of the opposite gender. It is the time when the individuals witness tremendous excitement with the imagination of feeling the person of opposite gender close to his/her heart, though sometimes far from the eyes; almost the same is the situation with the south Asian cultures. South Asian cultures, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Sri Lanka, are unanimously declared to be the conservative and religious-minded societies of the world. An overwhelming majority of these states is the follower of Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Buddhism and Christianity, all of which regard morality, chastity and virtuousness to be the essential parts of everyday individual and collective human life. Since the religions these societies have adopted lay stress upon love after marriage, pre-marital dating is strictly discouraged by the social values. As a result, the mixing of the members belonging to opposite genders in public is not approved by these societies (Orsini, 2006:52). Henc e, the concepts of dating and physical contacts are not very open and common in these cultures. Not only this that families impose severe restrictions on their female members to have any contact with boys before marriage, but also deviation from the same invites wrath of fathers and brothers, who do not hesitate in killing their daughters and sisters provided they find them meeting with the adult males beyond the marital-knot. It is therefore still mostly the marriages are arranged by parents and elders in these conservative societies (Dasgupta, 1998:968). Although globalization has introduced significant alterations in the concept of love and dating, and the educational institutions offering girls and boys education facilities under one roof, which have increased the level and frequency of meetings between the young and adult couples to a great extent. However, still the trend of dating and physical encounters are confined to the elite stratum of society consists of politicians, in dustrialists, feudal lords, civil and military bureaucrats, corporate class and showbiz communities, which maintain seldom care for religious cults, social norms and moral values in their individual and collective life (Orsini, 2006:221). Nevertheless, the Indian and Pakistani cultures still do not allow open illicit sexual relationship in society. It is therefore the immoral, adulterer and dissipation-inclined politicians and actresses aptly become the target of the

1860 Presidential Election Essay Example for Free

1860 Presidential Election Essay Every four years, each presidential candidate proclaims that the problems facing the nation this year is graver and more important than any other time in American history. The 1860 Presidential election stands alone as the most important presidential election in American history because this actually was the case. There have been other elections that have been important. If Wendell Wilkie had beaten Franklin Roosevelt in the 1940 election or if Al Gore had beaten George W. Bush in the 2000 election, this world may have been very different. But that probability was brought to the light months or years after the election was over. The chief difference with the 1860 election was that the country knew that the nomination of each candidate along with who would be elected would have immediate and then long term results for the country. The 1860 presidential election saw four distinct candidates, all trying for the most important office in the land at our most important time. Abraham Lincoln, a Republican from Illinois, his rival for the 1856 senate race, Stephen A. Douglas representing the Northern Democrats and also from Illinois, John Bell, a Constitutional Unionist and John Breckenridge a Southern Democrat were all in the race. The fact that the Democrats had split over the issue of slavery, forcing members to walk out of two Democrat conventions forced the party to have to send two different candidates and thus, increase the chances that the election would go to Lincoln.   The nomination of Abraham Lincoln for the Republican ticket was unsure from the start and even Lincoln assured himself that he would lose. In the bestselling book Team of Rivals, Doris Kearns Goodwin details in fascinating fashion, the list of more qualified, more educated and possessing more resources, fought for their nomination for president. But Lincoln was chosen because he was a moderate on the number one issue of the day: slavery.† I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with slavery in the States where it exists, said Lincoln early in the conflict.[1] Seward and Chase, two of the others who brought competition to the field, were seen as either too radical or apathetic towards the issue of slavery and made their displeasure known. While Seward was taking a European tour, Lincoln was meeting and greeting the people. His attendance and speech at New York’s Cooper Union in 1860, solidified him as a man of the people. The Democratic Nomination was complicated as well. The Democratic Party was split over the issue of slavery in the same way the country was. At their convention in April of 1860, fifty Democrats walked out to form their own faction of the party.[2] John Breckenridge was nominated by the Southern Democrats and Stephen A. Douglass was nominated by the Northern Democrats. The Democrats met again on June 18 and this time 100 delegates walked out and would not adopt a resolution supporting slavery in the territories. The Northern Democrats nominated for their candidate Stephen A. Douglass, Senator from Illinois. Douglass had been involved in the famous Lincoln Douglass Debates for the senate. In this senate race, Douglass won but in the process, alienated the South by saying that popular sovereignty could prevent slavery from being enacted in the new territories. The South remembered this and would make sure that his answer would come back to haunt him in the election. This was a chief motivating factor which caused the split within the Democratic Party, thus giving an advantage to the Republican Party which took advantage of such factions. For years, Democrats had united behind the doctrine of popular sovereignty. It was this fact which helped Douglas get elected to the senate in the 1858 debates with Abraham Lincoln. The idea behind this was that slavery within a new territory was up the majority of people within that state. Popular Sovereignty also promised to keep the future of slavery out of the hands of the politicians in Washington as they were distrusted for the most part by the people within the slave states. On the surface, the idea seemed to be a sound and practical compromise to the threat of a civil war. Most Northern Democrats assumed that slavery would not be allowed to spread into the West due to natural impediments. The climate, terrain and the swift movement of Free State settlers into the West would discourage slaveholders from entering the territories. While Southerners demanded that the Democratic Party come out with a platform that defended slavery, Douglas and his supporters could not agree. Despite the fact that the convention went through 54 ballots, Douglas failed to achieve the needed 2/3 vote to receive the nomination of a single Democratic party. However, once the Southern Democrats walked out of the convention, Douglas did receive the needed 2/3 vote from the delegates that were present.[3] Only then was did he receive the nomination of the Northern Democrats. It was a hollow victory. However, his nomination resulted in the splitting of his party and another candidate would only help to confuse the issue as well as spread out the limited number of electoral votes available. The Republicans, after seeing the problems that had been caused within the Democrats, saw this as an opportunity that they could use to their advantage. They were confident, going into their convention in Chicago, that they had a real chance of winning.   The only question was who was going to be nominated. William Seward was considered the front runner.   He was more established, had a classical education, the money and proper connections that prompted the party bosses, at first, to consider him a viable candidate for the nomination. But this all changed at the convention. Alienated factions seemed to arise and served as an unmistakable impediment for Seward and his hopes of becoming the Republican nomination for the 1860 Presidential election: an occurrence which seemed like a foregone conclusion just six months earlier. Delegates were concerned that Seward was too closely identified with the radical wing of the party. Also, Seward, being deeply religious, saw the issue of slavery as an issue that was above that of the Constitution as he called for a higher law to dictate the end of slavery. 19th century America was a deeply religious age but such beliefs seemed to pull him to the right of center in this regard. â€Å"Over the years, his angry phrases calling upon a ‘higher law’ than that of the Constitution that had come from men of freedom†¦ had alarmed Republicans moderates in the West. This only proved that Lincoln was the man to elect.†[4]Compared to Seward, Lincoln had more of a chance to help avoid a civil war as he was seen as more of a moderate within the Republican Party on many issues that were troubling the country and the Southern states at this time. But this did not being much comfort to the Southern States because the main position that the Republican Party he ld on slavery was not in doubt. The key to the success of the Republican Party was its position on slavery as well as the fact that the Democrats were now split. The Republican Party opposed the expansion of slavery and many within the party condemned it as an immoral institution. Republicans thought that by limiting its expansion would put slavery on the road to eventual extinction. Even though this stance was made public, the Republican base rejected a more radical stance that would have Southerners associate them with the abolitionist cause. So in this fact, Republicans upheld slavery within the states where it already existed. Also, there was a faction of the party which included Lincoln, which was willing to support a Constitutional amendment that would guarantee slavery forever in the hope that a civil war would be avoided. In this fact, Lincoln’s announcement in September 1862, that he would be issuing an Emancipation Proclamation, came to the shock of his cabinet because it was contrary to what the platform of the Republican Party during the 1860 election.[5] Republicans would be willing to compromise a great deal with regard to the issue of slavery in order to avoid a civil war and in the process, distance themselves from the abolitionists who were seen as too radical from both the South and even parts of the North. However, as long as the strong Republican base and their beliefs on slavery served as an impediment and a threat to the South and their protection of slavery, either Lincoln or Seward would have garnished a negative response from the Southern States. Since it was essential to carry the West and because Lincoln had a national reputation from his debates and speeches, most notably, the 1858 debates with Stephen A. Douglass, Lincoln won the party’s nomination. This is true also because Lincoln was seen as a moderate on the issue of slavery. It would not be until the Civil War was well under way when Lincoln became more certain that slavery must not continue. But at this time, Lincoln had said that he would leave slavery alone if it meant that the Union would be saved and a civil war would be avoided. The party platform states that slavery would not be allowed to spread any further. This was heavily unpopular in the South but it was in line with what Lincoln believed. The containment of slavery was the best that the moderates within the Republican Party could hope for while at the same time, avoiding a civil war. Doris Kearns Goodwin, in her book Team of Rivals, spoke to the appeal that Lincoln had among the people and the cha racteristics that helped Lincoln, an unlikely candidate in many ways, secure the nomination. â€Å"Lincoln was aware that being a man of the people was an advantage, especially in the raw Western states critical to the election of a Republican candidate Lincoln was astute enough to capitalize upon this invaluable political asset.†[6]   It was also seen that Lincoln was more of a candidate for the people and on the surface, it did not seem that he was as hungry for the office as the others and therefore, would remain true to his own self instead of saying and doing only what was needed in order to get elected. â€Å"Though Lincoln desired success as fiercely as any of his rivals, he did not allow his quest for office to consume the kindness and open heartedness with which he treated supports and rivals alike, nor alter his steady commitment to the antislavery cause.†[7] These are the characteristics that helped endeared Lincoln as a man of the people. The campaign was an interesting one that garnished a great deal of interest among the country. The turnout from the 1860 election would be one of the highest in history as the country knew all too well, that the results may lead to a civil war. Stephen A. Douglas became the first presidential candidate in history to undertake a nationwide speaking tour; something that is now seen as essential in order to win within contemporary candidates. Douglas traveled to the South even though he did not expect to win many votes. He spoke for the maintenance of the Union and would so until the official start of the Civil War. The 1860 Campaign, despite the presence of four separate candidates was more organized than the 1856 campaign. In 1856, John C. Freemont, the first Republican candidate,   crusaded zealously against slavery and these efforts were then countered with the warnings of civil war. As a result, James Buchanan was elected and did absolutely nothing to either speed up or curtail the threats towards a civil war. What also helped the chances of the Republicans was the 1857 Supreme Court Decision regarding the Dred Scott Case. This resulted in a clear advantage in the 1858 general election which gave a commanding lead to the Republicans. By 1860, every observer could see that the Republicans had an almost unbeatable advantage in the Electoral College as well since they dominated every Northern state. This would come to fruition as the number of popular votes that Douglas got in relation to the number of electoral votes he received was far below that of Lincoln’s. The election was held on November 6, 1860. The notable difference was the exaggerated sectionalism of the vote. In nine southern states, Lincoln’s name did not even appear on any of the ballots. Also, the importance of the Electoral College would be as important as any other election history, second only to the 2000 election. Due to the fact that there were four candidates, it would be unlikely that any one candidate would receive the popular majority. While Lincoln only captured 40% of the vote, the division of the Electoral College allowed him to capture 17 states plus four electoral votes from the state of New Jersey to receive a total of 180 electoral votes and the win. Although the three-way split among the non Republicans complicated the issue, Lincoln would have still won the election because he won the majority of the electoral vote. Lincoln also won a popular majority in every state that cast its electoral votes for Lincoln. He finished the campaign with 1,865,908 vot es. Douglas finished second with 1,380,202 votes but because of the split in the electoral votes throughout the country, he only received twelve electoral votes, far short of the 152 needed to win.[8] He received nine electoral votes from Missouri and three of the seven electoral votes from New Jersey. Bell won Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia while Breckenridge won every slave state except for Missouri. The result of the 1860 election was almost an immediate one. On December 20, 1860, South Carolina voted to succeed from the country.   The southern states had been waiting for an excuse to break away from the country and the election of Lincoln fit the bill. Stephen A. Douglas threw his support behind Abraham Lincoln and went on a speaking tour to try to stop a civil war from coming. He died in this process in April of 1861 and neither his efforts, nor the efforts of any single man, could stop what the country knew was about to come. With the succession of South Carolina in December 1860. â€Å"Not surprisingly, South Carolina acted first. There is nothing in all the dark caves of human passion so cruel and deadly as the hatred the   South Carolinians profess for the Yankees,[9] With the following of twelve more states, the Civil War had become a foregone conclusion. With the attack on Fort Sumter in April of 1865, despite the only casualty being a Union horse, the Civil War had started and only after four years and 620,000 casualties, did the war finally come to and end as did the institution of slavery within the country forever. The end of the Civil War also led to the assassination of President Lincoln and his Vice President, Andrew Johnson serving as an impediment to the Reconstruction of the South. The 1860 Presidential Election was one of the most important elections in the country’s history. The main difference with this election over others, was that the entire country knew that the outcome of the election had a direct impact on whether or not there would be a civil war, how the civil war would play out and what would be included in peace. Abraham Lincoln, right before the end of the Civil War, said: ‘With malice towards none and charity for all,†[10] in talking about the need for the North and South to come together as one people again. History knows that the people made the right choice that November day in 1860. And all those that are motivated by his speeches and actions are the benefactors of such wisdom and future generations will continue to do the same. WORKS CITED Burns, Ken. 1989.   The Civil War. Boston: PBS Video. Burns, Ken. 1992. The Civil War Companion Book.   Boston: Alfred Knoff Publishers Goodwin, Doris Kearns. 2006. Team of Rivals. New York: Harper Collins McPherson, James. 1998. Battle Cry of Freedom. London: Oxford University Press. [1] McPherson, James. 1998. Battle Cry of Freedom. London: Oxford University Press. [2] Goodwin, Doris Kearns. 2006. Team of Rivals. New York: Harper Collins p. 142. [3] Goodwin, Doris Kearns. 2006. Team of Rivals. New York: Harper Collins p. 167 [4] Goodwin, Doris Kearns. 2006. Team of Rivals. New York: Harper Collins [5] Burns, Ken. 1989.   The Civil War. Boston: PBS Video. [6] Goodwin, Doris Kearns. 2006. Team of Rivals. New York: Harper Collins [7] Goodwin, Doris Kearns. 2006. Team of Rivals. New York: Harper Collins p. 178. [8] Burns, Ken. 1992. The Civil War Companion Book.   New York: Alfred Knoff Publishers [9] McPherson, James. 1998. Battle Cry of Freedom. London: Oxford University Press. P.641 [10] Burns, Ken. 1992. The Civil War Companion Book.   Boston: Alfred Knoff Publishers p. 321

Body Image Essay -- essays research papers

Everyone who brings home a bad report card knows that with a little effort they can better their grades. Yet there are some things in life that you cant change and the way you look is one of them. In today’s society teenage girls face an ongoing battle to attain the perfect body image. The following paper discusses the definition of perfect, why we strive to attain this impossible ideal, why we don’t fight to change the image, and the consequences that can result from this battle to please. A dictionary definition of perfect is: 1. complete, having all its essential qualities 2. faultless, excellent 3. exact, precise 4. entire, total(1). Now does this seem like a reasonable goal to strive for? Absolutely not, it is impossible, yet so many teenage girls feel that perfection is within their reach. Society plays a massive role in influencing our lives and our judgment. The emphasis placed on looking good in our society clouds our vision of what is truly important. Western culture portrays certain morals and ideals that girls feel they must live up to. Society’s ideals themselves are largely influenced by those of the media, which in return puts added stress on the image problems that teenage girls face. Every time they look around themselves. "[They] loose [their] sense of self, individuality and fall victim to narrow definitions of beauty defined by the media. The media acts as a propaganda machine determined to shake our confidence, remind us we aren’t good enough, we haven’t made it, that we just simply don’t measure up."(2) All we see in the media these days are tall, thin, beautiful girls with great skin and even better figures. The media sends out the message that the ideal body should resemble that of a Barbie doll. Girls are supposed to try and look like this, so they will "fit in." Girls feel that with an "ideal" body comes power in society, and they are shown this starting at a very young age; She will be a woman like all the women in the thousand of ads and movies and television programs she has seen since she was very little.(3) The media is sending out negative messages to millions of vulnerable teenage girls striving to be accepted in today’s society and this is causing extreme problems. The media image is only going to become more and more destructive because, while the media ideal female is getting smaller, the ... ...ns when this battle for the impossible goes too far. These girls need to start fighting for change. Women need to be committed to changing the present body image ideal to a new one that is tolerant of varied size and weight. They must form a new social group whose rules and codes for a body image ideal allow all women to be beautiful in her own way. (22) These women need to learn to accept who they are inside and out. If they can’t do this on their own, then they need to seek professional help in order to get to the root of the problem. The most important thing is that they realize that they need help, and seek it as soon as possible. They should see someone who can help them make a healthy eating and work out plan to follow. And if they don’t feel comfortable talking to a professional, than they can talk to someone they trust. Another option that can help one get their life back on track is becoming involved in sports. Sports can help you make new friends and get into better physical shape, which will in turn brighten your mood and increase your self esteem. With increased self- esteem comes increased confidence, and that is key to accepting yourself mirror reflection included.

‘Fortunate to survive so many enemies for so long’ – discuss this verdict of the Weimar, 1919-24

In November 1918, following the calamity of World War One, the authoritarian German Kaiser Wilhelm II was forced to abdicate. Two months later the Weimar was established. This new authority promised to rule more liberally, and brought hope of freedom and prosperity to the German people. However, from its birth in 1919 to its collapse, the Weimar Republic was to face many problems. Thus, the verdict that the Weimar was fortunate to survive would seem correct. The Weimar began its rule over a country in unfavourable circumstances with considerable deep-routed problems. These dated back to Imperial Germany, and were obvious even before the war. Germany had only been united since 1871. Social tensions had been created by rapid industrialisation that led to changes within the class system, as agriculturists were suspicious of industrial workers taking their place. Also, Germany's economy was behind; Britain had a larger navy, and colonial policy in Africa was not successful. This led to doubt concerning national efficiency. To make matters worse, Germany was run by a narrow elite who was unsympathetic to the hardships his people faced. Less that half a century later, the First World War further devastated Germany. The country encountered continual military defeats, army mutiny, low morale, poor living and working conditions, food shortages, a lack of consumer goods, inflation and much more. As a result of these pressing problems, the Weimar had little choice but to accept the terms of the ‘Treaty of Versailles'. This had devastating consequences for Germany. Weakening the country economically, Germany was compelled to give up much of its land including industrial regions such as Alsace Lorraine, surrender all of its colonies, dematerialise the Rhineland, disarm its army and eliminate its airforce, and pay reparations of i6,600 million. These things brought further hardship for the German people, as the country was continually drained of its wealth and resources. Socially stunting, Germany was forced to accept all responsibility for starting the war, and to accept article 231; the ‘War Guilt Clause'. This led to an overwhelmingly low morale. Politically, Germany was to have an Ally-friendly liberal government. This was a main cause of the introduction of a new constitution, and heavily influenced the style of the Weimar. The set-up of this new democratic government itself brought problems for Germany. The Weimar adopted a policy of proportional representation. This system worked effectively as long as the politicians were prepared to support the constitution. However, the President was given powers under article 48 which could, in times of ‘national emergency', be used to undermine the democratic constitution. This was often abused, and led to dictator-like rulers. Also, the new constitution meant that the Republic consisted of many small parties that had to work together in coalition governments with a proportional representation system. This did not work as the parties had very different political views, and so often couldn't agree on issues. As well as this, many parties within the Weimar actually disagreed with its existence. Leaders of the army, civil service and legal system disliked the new constitution. This lead to certain figures deliberately working against the Republic and stirred trouble in hope that it might fail. The most significant threat came from the President of the Republic from 1925, Field Marshall Paul von Hindenburg. Thus, the Weimar itself led to further weakness in Germany. As well as internal enemies, the Weimar also faced a vast number of outer opposition groups. On the left of German politics, communists such as the Spartacists in 1919, attempted to overthrow the government. On the other extreme, monarchists like Wolfgang Kapp in 1920, or extreme nationalists attempted to destroy democracy in Germany. These revolutions undermined the Weimar, and rallied much opposition from the German people. The opposition also led to other flaws in the Weimar. For example, the Spartacist revolution resulted in the Eber-Groner pact, which was designed to protect Germany from Communism. However, this agreement represented a huge mistake made by Ebert and his SPD colleges in believing that the threat to the Republic came primarily from the left, when later the army wouldn't help protect the government against Hitler as he was right wing. Also, the very fact that the pact was needed showed that the Weimar was weak. The sum of these factors led to an overall weakness in the Weimar, though some are much more vital that others. Perhaps the most important was Treaty of Versailles, which led to social, economic, and most crucially political unrest as it also contributed to the success of the Weimar's opponents i. e. the slogan of the ‘November criminals', or the ‘War guilt clause' gave the Nazis a useful source of propaganda. Another vital weakness was constitution itself, which allowed both internal and external opponents to attack its weaknesses, such as proportional representation, or Article 48 which Field Marshall Paul von Hindenburg used to undermine the Constituency. Also, many of the factors that led to the Weimar's weaknesses inter-link with one another, for example the lack of German unity partly resulted due to previous deep-routed problems of Imperial Germany, or the Spartacist revolt that resulted in the unsuccessful Eber-Groner pact. Yet, despite all of these varied problems, the Weimar remained, supporting the statement that it was ‘Fortunate to survive so many enemies for so long'. Yet, there were some factors that worked in favour of the Weimar i. e. many people were simply relieved to have change, and pleased that the soldiers were able to return home. Another helpful act is that in 1926 reparations were reduced, and assistance was given to Germany to help with re-building. Therefore, as well as simply withstanding defeat, the Weimar managed several accomplishments which led to an improvement the German people' way of life, for example the Constitution solved hyperinflation in 1923, and also improved foreign relations. Plus, after 1924 further improvements were made i. e. Dawes plan by Stresseman. Yet, overall the Weimar's weaknesses seem to out-weigh its strengths, and hence the statement seems to be an accurate interpretation.

Academy Awards Trivia and Interesting Facts

Whether youre a classic movie buff or a blockbuster film fanatic, the yearly Academy Awards is likely to be a big deal for you and your friends. At your next Oscars party, test everyones knowledge with trivia questions on the award ceremonys history and fun, little-known facts. The Very First Oscar Winner The first person to receive an Academy Award did not even attend the first Academy Awards ceremony. Emil Jannings, the winner for Best Actor in the 1927-28 Academy Awards, had decided to go back to his home in Germany before the ceremony. But before he left for his trip, Jannings was handed the very first Academy Award. The Only Oscar to Win an Oscar Oscar Hammerstein II won the Oscar for his song, The Last Time I Saw Paris, in the movie Lady Be Good (1941). X-Rated Winner Midnight Cowboy (1969), the winner of the Academy Award for Best Picture, is the only X-rated movie to win an Oscar. Sibling Rivalry Ethel and Lionel Barrymore are the only brother and sister to ever win Academy Awards for acting. Lionel Barrymore won an Oscar for Best Actor in A Free Soul (1931). Ethel Barrymore won an Oscar for Best Actress in None But the Lonely Heart (1944). The First Color Movie to Win Best Picture Gone With the Wind (1939) was the first movie filmed in color to win the Best Picture award. Posthumous Nominations There have been a number of people nominated for Academy Awards after their death. However, the first person to be nominated posthumously and actually win was screenwriter Sidney Howard for Gone With the Wind (1939). James Dean, on the other hand, has been the only actor to be nominated twice after death; once for Best Actor in East of Eden (1955) and again the following year for Best Actor in Giant (1956). Winners Who Didnt Speak on Camera Three actors have won Academy Awards for playing characters that did not utter a single word throughout the entire film. Jane Wyman won the Best Actress award for her portrayal of Belinda, a deaf mute, in   Johnny Belinda (1948). Sir John Mills played the mute village idiot in Ryans Daughter (1970), for which he won the Best Supporting Actor award. Most recently, Holly Hunter won the Best Actress award for her portrayal of the mute Ada McGrath in The Piano (1993). The Most Frequent Hosts The list of hosts for the Academy Awards ceremony is dotted with prestigious names such as Will Rogers, Frank Capra, Jack Benny, Fred Astaire, Jack Lemmon and David Letterman. However, one man has dominated Academy Award history; Bob Hope hosted a whopping 18 Academy Award ceremonies. Billy Crystal, who has hosted the ceremonies 8 times, ranks second as the host with the most. Johnny Carson comes in third after hosting 5 Academy Award ceremonies. How the Oscar Name Came About The Oscar statuettes official name is the Academy Award of Merit. The name Oscar is actually a nickname that has been around for decades with unclear beginnings. Though there are several different stories that claim to tell the origin of the nickname Oscar, the most common attributes the nickname to a comment made by Margaret Herrick. Herrick, as the story goes, worked as a librarian at the Academy and upon first seeing the statuette, commented that the statuette looked like her Uncle Oscar. No matter how the nickname started, it became increasingly used to describe the statuette in the 1930s and was officially used by the Academy beginning in 1939. A Winner Who Was Never Nominated The only Academy Award winner who won but was never officially nominated was Hal Mohr for Best Cinematography for   A Midsummer Nights Dream (1935). Mohr was the first and only person to win via a write-in vote. When the Phrase And the winner is... Was Discontinued At the 61st Academy Awards, held in 1989, the Academy decided to replace the trademark phrase And the winner is... with the phrase And the Oscar goes to... Did you notice? The Streaker During the Academy Awards ceremony held on April 2, 1974, a man named Robert Opal ran across the stage naked, flashing the peace sign. David Niven had been on stage to introduce the Best Picture category when the streaker ran behind him. Thinking quickly on his feet, Niven remarked, The only laugh that man will ever get in his life is by stripping ... and showing his shortcomings.† A 20-Year Delay in Award Eligibility In a strange turn of events,  Charlie Chaplins movie Limelight, which was produced in 1952, won an Academy Award in 1972—20 years after its first release. According to the Academys rules at the time, a movie could not be considered for an Academy Award until it had played in Los Angeles. When Limelight finally played at a theater in Los Angeles in 1972, it became eligible for an award. Winners Who Refused the Awards Honor The Academy Awards are one of the highest honors one can receive in the movie business. Yet, 3 people have refused the honor. The very first person to refuse an Oscar was Dudley Nichols. Nichols, who had won Best Screenplay for  The Informer  (1935), boycotted the Academy Awards ceremony because of ongoing conflicts between the Academy and the Writers Guild. For his dramatic portrayal of the World War II general in  Patton  (1970), George C. Scott won the Academy Award for Best Actor. Scott refused the honor, stating that the awards ceremony was a  two-hour meat parade. Marlon Brando also refused his award for Best Actor for  The Godfather  (1972). Brando, who said he refused the award because of the discrimination toward Native Americans by the U.S. and Hollywood, sent a woman supposedly named, Sacheen Littlefeather, to collect his award. It turned out later that the woman was really an actress named, Maria Cruz. The Oscar Statuette The Oscar statuette stands at 13 1/2 inches tall and weighs 8 1/2 pounds. It depicts a knight, holding a sword, standing on a reel of film which has five spokes, representing the 5 original branches of the Academy--actors, directors, producers, technicians, and writers. In 1949, the Academy started to number the statuettes, starting with number 501. Award Ceremony Postponements Contrary to the old adage, the show must go on, the Academy Awards ceremonies have been postponed 3 times. In 1938, the ceremony was delayed a week because of flooding in Los Angeles. In 1968, the Academy Awards ceremony was pushed back 2 days because of  Martin Luther King Jr.s  funeral. The Academy Awards ceremony was pushed back a single day in 1981 because of the  assassination attempt  on President  Ronald Reagan. The First Televised Academy Awards On March 19, 1953, the Academy Awards ceremony was telecast for the first time across the United States and Canada. Then 13 years later on April 18, 1966, the Academy Awards were broadcast in color for the first time. Both of these ceremonies were hosted by Bob Hope. Plaster Oscars Rather than the usual metal Oscar statuettes, the Academy Awards handed out plaster Oscars during World War II in support of the war effort. After the war, the plaster Oscars could be traded in for traditional metal ones. 11 Nominations, 0 Wins In Oscar history, 2 films  tied  for the record of the most nominations without a single win. Both  The Turning Point  (1977) and  The Color Purple  (1985) received 11 Oscar  nominations but won not a single Academy Award. Sisterly Competition Twice in Academy Awards history, 2 sisters have been nominated for the same category during the same year. For the 1941 Academy Awards, sisters Joan Fontaine (Suspicion) and  Olivia de Havilland  (Hold Back the Dawn) were both nominated for the Best Actress award. Joan Fontaine won the Oscar. Jealousy between the two sisters continued to escalate after this and the 2 have been estranged for decades.   At the 1966 Academy Awards, a similar thing happened. Sisters Lynn Redgrave (Georgy Girl) and Vanessa Redgrave (Morgan: A Suitable Case for Treatment) were both nominated for the Best Actress award. However, this time, neither of the sisters won.